The clad plate, also known as clad steel plate, is a typical laminar metal composite made by bonding the special metal plate to a carbon steel or low alloy steel plate. Generally, the special metal plate is called cladding metal, which comprise less than the greatest percentage of total thickness. The carbon steel or low alloy steel plate is called base metal, which comprise the greatest percentage of total thickness. The clad plates are designed to improve corrosion/ heat  resistance while retaining low cost, high strength, or light weight. The clad steel plates are widely used in power plant FGD system, oil & gas industry, chemical processing, seawater desalination, offshore & marine industry, aerospace industry, and construction decoration, etc.

Materials & Standards of Clad Steel Plates

Generally, the base metal of clad plates are usually carbon steels or low alloy steels, which may be made in accordance with ASTM A516 (ASME SA-516), ASTM A285 (ASME SA-285), ASTM A387 (ASME SA-387), ASTM A36, ASTM A283, etc. The cladding metal may be selected from a variety of special metals based on different classifications:

• Stainless steel clad plate: the cladding metal may be austenitic stainless steel or duplex stainless steel such as SS 304/304L, SS 316/316L, SS 321, SS 347, SS 310S, Duplex 2205, Duplex 2507, UNS S31803, 904L, AL6XN, etc. Standard specification: ASTM A240 (ASME SA-240), ASTM A263 (ASME SA-263), ASTM A264 (ASME SA-264).
• Nickel & nickel alloy clad plate: the cladding metal may be the strip, sheet, or plate in accordance with ASTM B127, ASTM B162, ASTM B168, ASTM B333, ASTM B409, ASTM B424, ASTM B443, ASTM B463, ASTM B575, ASTM B582, ASTM B625. Typically, these materials include Inconel 600, Inconel 617, Inconel 625, Incoloy 800/800H, Incoloy 825, Incoloy 925, Monel 400, Monel K-500, Hastelloy C-276, Hastelloy C-22, Nickel 200, Nickel 201, Alloy 20, Alloy 31, etc. The clad plate manufacture standard is ASTM A265/ ASME SA-265.
• Reactive & refractory metal clad plate: the cladding metal may be titanium and titanium alloy (ASTM B265/ ASME SB-265), niobium and niobium alloy (ASTM B393), zirconium and zirconium alloy (ASTM B551/ ASME SB-551), tantalum and tantalum alloy (ASTM B708), aluminum and aluminum alloy (MIL-J-24445A). The clad plates shall be made in accordance with ASTM B898.
• Copper & copper alloy clad plate: the cladding metal may be copper and copper alloy of ASTM B96, ASTM B152, ASTM B171, ASTM B846. The copper clad steel plate shall be manufactured in accordance with ASTM B432.

Manufacture and Heat Treatment

Generally, the clad plates can be manufactured by roll bonding(hot or cold), explosion bonding, explosion-roll bonding, coextrusion, brazing, or weld overlay method. Appropriate heat treatment before or after bonding shall be designed and agreed upon between the purchaser and the manufacturer, depending on the specific cladding metal, base metal, and bonding method.

Chemical Composition and Mechanical Properties

The base metal and cladding metal plates shall conform to its chemical and tensile requirements respectively in accordance with relative standard specifications. Especially, shear strength shall be tested for base metal, cladding metal, and clad plate respectively to ensure sufficient bond strength.

Bonding Integrity, Ultrasonic Test on Clad Plate

The cladding metal shall be integrally and continuously bonded to the base metal. To ensure the bonding integrity, the bonding area or interface shall be ultrasonically tested completely. In our quality control system, 100% bonding rate is required. The ultrasonic examination shall be performed in accordance with ASTM A578/ A578M.

Prominent Clad Steel Plate Manufacturers

There are many prominent manufacturers of clad steel plate world wide, which are listed hereby: JFE, NSSC, Dupont, Asahi Kasei, Kobe Steel, Sumitomo, TISCO, BaoSteel, Hebei Metals Industrial Limited(HB-Metals). The clad steel plates provided by our company have excellent bonding quality and reliable performance. Comprehensive technical support, premium quality, fast delivery, as well as perfect after-sales service are the core competence of our company.