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ASTM A694 Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings

ASTM A694 is the standard specification for carbon and alloy steel forgings for pipe flanges, fittings, valves, and parts for high-pressure transmission service which are manufactured for use with high-strength transmission-service pipe. There are 9 steel grades specified which are all within Metals-Piping’s manufacture & supply capability: ASTM A694 F42, F46, F48, F50, F52, F56, F60, F65, F70. All grades shall be furnished suitable for field welding and be free of welding-repair. The high-strength A694 flanges, fittings or valves are commonly seen in oil & gas wellhead systems, offshore drilling platforms, as well as long-distance high-pressure oil & gas transmission pipelines.

ASTM A694 F65 weld neck flanges made to MSS SP 44

ASTM A694 F65 weld neck flanges, 16″ RTJ 600# SCH80, MSS SP 44.

1. ASTM A694 Chemical Composition Requirements

Chemical Composition of ASTM A694, Heat Analysis, %
Carbon [C]≤0.30
Manganese [Mn]≤1.60
Phosphorus [P]≤0.025
Sulfur [S]≤0.025
Silicon [Si]0.15-0.35
*1. Alloying elements including Cu, Ni, Cr, Mo, V, Nb and B shall be reported if any.
*2. No limits apply to above-mentioned elements of A694 forgings furnished in carbon or low alloy steel.
*3. ASTM A694 forgings furnished in alloy steel should be in conformance to ASTM A707 Grade L5.
*4. When required, the carbon equivalent CE shall be calculated as per C+Mn/6+(Cr+Mo+V)/5+(Cu+Ni)/15.

2. ASTM A694 Mechanical Properties

Forged tee 3000# NPT, ASTM A694 F52, Galv.

ASME B16.11 forged tee 3000# NPT, ASTM A694 F52, Galvanized.

ASTM A694 GradeYield Strength min.Tensile Strength min.Elongation min.
MPaksiMPaksi%
F42290424156520
F46315464156020
F48330484256220
F50345504406420
F52360524556620
F56385564706820
F60415605157520
F65450655307720
F70485705658218

3. Manufacture, Workability & Heat Treatment

The ASTM A694 forgings can be furnished in carbon steel, low alloy steel or alloy steel. The steel shall be made by either open hearth, electric furnace, or basic oxygen process and it shall be fully deoxidized. Its forged flanges and forged fittings can be readily manufactured from ingots, blooms, billets, slabs, or bars. However, A694 flanges shall not be machined directly from plate nor from solid bar stock since sufficient hot working(forging) is necessary to develop a wrought structure throughout the part.

ASTM A694 flanges and valves for API 6A wellhead system

API 6A wellhead system containing valves and flanges made from ASTM A694 F70 steels.

All grades of ASTM A694 shall be heat treated. Heat treatment of carbon steel and high-strength low-alloy steel may consist of normalizing, normalizing-and-tempering, or quenching-and tempering. Heat treatment of alloy steel may consist of normalizing and precipitation heat treatment or quenching and precipitation heat treatment. The tempering temperature shall be at least 1000 °F [540 °C]. The precipitation heat treatment of the alloy steel shall be in the range from 1000 to 1225 °F [540 to 665 °C].

4. Product Forms and Standards

Product Forms & Standards for ASTM A694 Forgings
Pipe FlangesMSS SP 44, ASME B16.47, ASME B16.5, NORSOK L-005, API 6A
Forged FittingsASME B16.11, MSS SP 97, MSS SP 95, MSS SP 83
ValvesAPI 6A, ASME B16.34

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Carbon & Low Alloy Steels

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